Heyo pwips! Let’s review diagramming for your BIG SCARY MIDTERM. With a little bit of review, it’ll be a piece of cake!
Here are the steps you should follow when diagramming.
- Determine the Subj.
- The Subj will be an NP. Any phrases that modify the noun will be a part of the phrase. This includes determiners, adjective phrases, and prepositional phrases that modify the noun.
- Determine the PredPhr.
- The PredPhr will always start with the VP and may have elements that follow.
- Determine any non-core elements.
- Recall that non-core elements may be moved to either end of the sentence and will still make sense.
- Non-core elements come in the forms of PrepPhr and AdvPhr.
- Adjuncts introduce a topic or insert the writer’s view of the subject. Ex: In my opinion, Frankly
- Adverbials set up a time, place, or manner. Ex: On Thursday
- Determine the VP in the PredPhr.
- VPs will include auxiliary verbs, and the forms of all aux verbs is Aux.
- Modals will be on the farthest left. They are words such as may, could, should. They do not carry tense and are followed by the bare form of the next verb. Their function is “Modal of____,” in which the blank is filled by the next verb that follows.
- Perfect aspect will be the next auxiliary verb, and it does carry tense. This requires a form of has (had, have) and the -en form of the next verb that follows. Its function is “Perf of ____,” in which the blank is filled by the next verb that follows.
- Progressive aspect will be the next verb. It may carry tense if it is the farthest verb to the left that can. It requires a form of be (is, am, are) and is followed by the -ing form of the next verb that follows. Its function is “Prog of ___,” in which the blank is filled by the next verb that follows.
- The final possible verb is the lexical verb. It will have a form of V and a function of Pred.
- Determine any elements in the PredPhr.
- Additional elements in the PredPhr may include DOs, IOs, OCs, SCs, and ACs. Refer to Olivia’s previous post about sentence patterns to determine when to use what.
That’s it pwips! Good luck!