The mapuches of Southern Chile are among many indigenous peoples in Latin America who have become increasingly mobilized over the last 20 years. One demonstration of their militancy is the rude reception they give to the whole idea of celebrating Christopher Columbus.

One protester explained: “It signifies the arrival of the Spanish usurpers and all they brought with them, colonialism and imperialism.” This is Mapuche leader Manuel Diaz.

The mapuche have also been active in trying to reclaim lands from the Chilean government, for which many have been jailed.